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The development of preventive measures to reduce the risk of developing cognitive decline is named by WHO among the main priorities of medicine. Cardiovascular diseases and cognitive disorders, on the one hand, have similar risk factors, such as obesity, smoking, dyslipidemia, lack of physical activity, low education level, and, on the other hand, the presence of atrial fibrillation (AF), arterial hypertension (AH), cardiac insufficiency (HF), chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus contributes to the progression of cognitive impairment.

Advances in medical diagnostic technologies, particularly in ophthalmology, help researchers understand histological characteristics of the human eye and study vision at the cellular level. In addition to its role in the ocular function associated with the control of movements, senses and protective responses, the nervous system plays a key role in regulation of the visual process. Neurodegenerative disorders hold a special place among systemic diseases. Presently, the development of such pathologies are associated with neuroinflammation, which has been proven to also contribute to the glaucomatous process. For this reason, achieving target intraocular pressure does not always guarantee stabilization of the degenerative process.

To reduce the risk of developing adverse events (AEs) and increase the adherence of elderly patients to treatment, it is recommended to limit maximally the total number of prescribed drugs (DR), using one drug for the treatment of two or more pathologies if possible. The drugs that meet the criteria for use in elderly patients and / or patients with comorbidity include the original Russian drug Mexidol^® (ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate), which has a multimodal mechanism of action and has multiple pharmacological effects.