Features of responding to stress of elderly patients with chronic brain ischemia

Author:
T.A. SLYUSAR, YU.V. ABRAMENKO, S.S. RUBINA, R.V. MAYOROV, I.N. SLYUSAR

Tver State Medical University, Tver, Russia

Summary:
The aim of the study. To study the peculiarities of responding to stress, the stress resistance and adaptation of older men and women with chronic brain ischemia, as well as the stressboard effect of Mexidol. Material and methods. 124 patients aged 60–74 years old are surveyed: 72 men and 52 women (average age, respectively, 65.3 ± 0.4 and 64.7 ± 0.7 years) with Chronic Brain Ischemia I–II stage against the background of arterial hypertension and its combinations with atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels. The level of psychosocial stress was determined on the Holmes-Ray scale. Features of the response of patients to stress was studied using the methodology Scale of Psychological Stress PSM‑25 and S. Rogenzweig. Stress resistance was investigated using S. Kuhlen's stress resistance self-resistant test and Villianson. The level of anxiety was determined using a scale of Ch. D. Spilberger and Yu. L. Khanin, depressed – backup questionnaire. The type of adaptation reactions was studied in the leukocyte blood formula on the percentage ratio of lymphocytes and segmented neutrophils, taking into account the representation of other formed elements. Results. The level of stress in older women with Chronic Brain Ischemia was higher than in men. The predominance of the intrinsic orientation of the reaction to stress and resolving the type of response to men, and the extrapunitive or self-defense type among women, which may indicate the largerness of the latter. The level of stress resistance was lower in women than in men, which correlated with higher indicators of situational anxiety. Adverse adaptation reactions were more often registered in women than in men. The course of treatment with Mexidol of elderly patients with chemical leads to a decrease in the severity of subjective and objective symptoms, alarming disorders, increases the stress resistance and adaptive capabilities of the body, which is confirmed by an increase in the number of persons with favorable adaptation reactions. The high efficiency and safety of sequential therapy with Mexidol (injections, then the tableted form of Mexidol Forte 250) is shown. Keywords: chronic brain ischemia, sex, stress, stress resistance, emotional disorders, anxiety, depression, Mexidol, adaptation reactions.


The efficacy of antioxidant treatment with mexidol forte in 250 patients with chronic cerebral venous insufficiency

Author:
E.I. CHUKANOVA, A.S. CHUKANOVA, KH.I. MAMAEVA
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia

Summary:
Objective. To study the efficacy and safety of complex treatment with 2-ethyl-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine (mexidol forte 250) and venotonic drugs L-lysine aescinat and diosmin/hesperidin in patients with chronic cerebral venous insufficiency (CCVI). Material and methods. One hundred and twenty CCVI patients with clinical and ultrasonic signs of cerebral venous discirculation were studied. Patients were stratified into group 1 (n=40) treated perorally with mexidol forte 250 and diosmin/hesperidin during 74 days in combination with two courses of L-lysine aescinat intravenously on the 1st and 30th days from baseline, group 2 (n=40) treated with mexidol forte 250 and diosmin/hesperidin during 74 days, group 3 (n=40) treated perorally with diosmin/hesperidin during 74 days. Results and conclusion. The efficacy and safety of the complex treatment of CCVI patients with venotonic drugs with the inclusion of mexidol forte 250 at a dose of 750 mg/day for 74 days is shown. The study demonstrates a significant positive effect of mexidol forte 250 on the dynamics of complaints and indicators of the neurological and psychoemotional status of patients. Monotherapy with the venotonic drug diosmin/hesperidin shows its insufficient efficacy. Keywords: chronic cerebral venous insufficiency, antioxidants, mexidol forte 250, venotonic drugs, L-lysine aescinat, diosmin/hesperidin.


Possibilities of improving the effectiveness of therapy in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia against the background of COVID-19

Author:
V.V. KOVALCHUK, I.I. ERSHOVA, N.V. MOLODOVSKAYA
Semashko City Hospital No. 38, St. Petersburg, Russia

Summary:
Objective. To study the possibility of improving the efficacy of treatment with mexidol in COVID‑19 patients with chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI). Material and methods. Three hundred and four patients with CCI and COVID‑19 were observed, group 1 (n=152) consisted of patients receiving basic therapy and mexidol, group 2 (n=152) received only basic therapy. Mexidol was administered intravenously for 14 days, 500 mg (10 ml) per 400 ml of saline solution, then Mexidol FORTE 250 was administered in a dose of 250 mg 3 times a day for 2 months. The state of cognitive functions (MoCA scale), sleep (Spiegel questionnaire), asthenia (MFI-20 scale), and quality of life (SIP questionnaire) were evaluated. Examinations were performed before treatment, 30 and 75 days after start of treatment. Results. In group 1, there was a more complete and earlier recovery of the state of cognitive functions (an increase in indicators on the MoCA scale, p<0.01), a regression of asthenia (p<0.05), and normalization of sleep (p<0.01). By the end of the study, there were significantly more patients in group 1 with complete or significant recovery of all quality of life indicators. Conclusion. Long-term sequential therapy with mexidol provides a more complete recovery of impaired functions in patients with CCI and COVID-19. Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, chronic cerebral ischemia, asthenia, cognitive disorders, dementia, quality of life, mexidol.


The efficacy of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate in patients with cerebrovascular pathology complicated with diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome

Author:
E.V. EKUSHEVA1,2, E.V. BIRYUKOVA3
1Academy of Postgraduate Education under the Federal State Budgetary Unit «Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Specialized Medical Assistance and Medical Technologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency», Moscow, Russia;
2Belgorod State National Research University, Belgorod, Russia;
3Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russia

Summary:
Arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity and dyslipidemia continue to be the main risk factors for diseases of the circulatory system and the leading causes of mortality in the world, the combination of these diseases significantly increases the likelihood of the development and more rapid progression of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular pathology. Improving approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases is a priority problem in modern medicine. Currently, there is no universal drug that can influence all stages of pathological process in both cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus, and the problem of rational use of drugs in patients with comorbid pathology has not been completely resolved. A difficult clinical task includes not only the timely detection of the disease and the correct diagnosis, but also the choice of the safest and most effective medicine. A number of clinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of mexidol in the treatment of this category of patients, which is determined by its complex, pleiotropic and multimodal mechanisms of action. Keywords: cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, antioxidant therapy, mexidol.